Brown Mustard Seeds

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A mustard and cabbage family member, brown mustard (Brassica juncea) is cultivated worldwide for its vegetative leaves and pungent, spicy seeds. Brown mustard seeds are used in cooking body care recipes and pressed for their oil. Brown mustard seed is often preferred when making whole grain and coarse varieties of mustard and can also be added to pickling recipes and herbal foot baths.

Various common names, including Chinese mustard, Indian mustard, and vegetable mustard, refer to Brown mustard. Brassica nigra is a popular mustard cultivar around the world and is especially true in Asia, where the plant is enjoyed for its edible green leaves and seeds pressed for their oil. Young spring leaves are eaten fresh in salads; the older, larger leaves are boiled or sautéed.

Brown mustard seed appears in a range of cultural cuisines worldwide. The seeds are popular additions to pickling blends, condiments, and coarse and whole-grain mustard spreads. Brown mustard seeds are typically hotter and more intense than their close relative, yellow mustard seeds. For millennia, brown and yellow mustard have been employed in traditional herbal applications for their beneficial properties. Greek physician Dioscorides first described a topical mustard plaster almost two thousand years ago, and it remains a popular folk remedy today.

Mustard seeds belong to the Cruciferae or Brassicaceae family. Commonly referred to as the mustard or cabbage family, these plants are primarily herbaceous with simple, alternating leaves and flowers with four free sepals, four alternating petals, and two short and four long free stamens. Brown mustard, an annual native to Asia, has leaf edges that are toothed, scalloped, or frilled and boasts masses of bright, yellow flowers.

Although there is no date when the mustard seed was first used as a condiment, consensus points to the Romans who blended crushed mustard seeds with must (fermenting grape juice) to make a sauce. The word mustard comes from the Latin phrase “mustem gardens,” which translates to “burning must.” Mustard seeds have thousands of years of folklore surrounding them and are mentioned in many ancient religious texts.

Brown mustard seeds are a popular choice in making mustard condiments and spicing culinary dishes, and they can be used for sprouting. Mustard seeds, including herbal foot soaks, can be incorporated into body care recipes.